quarta-feira, 2 de julho de 2008

A cidade pechada

Compostela fedía, pero non só de senso literal (os viaxeiros italianos do XVIII así o destacan) senón tamén dun xeito moral. Santiago era unha gran vieira de pedra que se pechaba sobre ela mesma ao menor tranco. A muralla da cidade, aínda que esboroada, pechábase decontino, por un andazo, polos ouleos dos lobos, pola ameza dos corsarios... Nove eran as súas portas: San Francisco, da Pena, da Algaria de Riba, da Algaria de Baixo, do Camiño, de San Fins, de Mazarelas, da Mámoa, Faxeira e das Hortas. Todas elas son sinxelas de situar sobre un rueiro actual da cidade, os nomes consérvanse nas rúas ou prazas onde desembocaban. Temos que pensar tamén nun casco vello e nunha catedral (podedes vela no video) moi distintos ao que hoxe son. O barroco comezaba a dar o seus primeiros pasiños incertos, mais non chegara aínda ao seu apoxeo. Pensade por exemplo na praza do Obradorio, daquela do Hospital. Aínda non estaba cerrada, pois o edificio de Raxoi non existía. Por aí discorría a muralla e existía unha vella torre defensiva que se empregaba como cárcere, A Torre da Praza que sae da novela.

A meirande parte das rúas non estaban lousadas aínda, polo que imaxinádeas enlamadas e ateigadas de xente e bestas e cos penicos e almofías baleirándose acotío polas fiestras. Cada vez que había unha mala colleita o unha peste, as bubas e nascidas, a cidade enchíase de xente que procuraba a súa salvación nos hospitais de peregrinos e na xenerosidade do Cabido, dos mosteiros. Na novela tentei reflectir esa podremia física e moral da cidade, esa vida opresiva que caía sobre os seus veciños coma a lousa do sartego de Santiago O Maior, tentei entrar polo fociños do lector.

(Para quen lle interese o urbanismo de Compostela existe unha mágnifica monografía editada por Nigra-Trea, Unha historia urbana: Compostela 1595-1780 de Andrés A. Rosende Valdés, que consultei coa novela xa rematada para comprobar algunhas cousas e corixir algún que outro erro)

15 comentários:

Anónimo disse...

Comprei FESTINA LENTE na feria de Vigo.
Vou na paxina 60 e polo momento encantame a novela, engancha dende o primeiro capitulo.
Felicidades polo bo traballo que fixeches.

Agustin Ferral Martinez
Vigo

folerpa disse...

Grazas, Agustín, agardo que as máis de 200 que restan te encanten tamén, xa me contarás.

Anónimo disse...

Pois xa agora que me guinda a luva, continúo:
• sen ter nin idea de historia compostelá, pareceume estraño que situase vostede os pelamios na zona de San Pedro e San Lázaro (creo), e non precisamente no barrio coñecido como dos Pelamios, situado ao norte e aínda hoxe chamado así.
• que lle chame porta da Peña á que hoxe se chama aínda porta da Pena, é gralla ou é a mantenta?

folerpa disse...

Vexamos Cesare, a luva non ía precisamente por vostede senón polos anónimos. Pero xa que a recolle...

·Os pelamios polo que sei estaban extramuros da cidade saíndo pola porta do Camiño. Non podo indicar a distancia , pero debía ser moi próxima a muralla, pois teño mooitas referencias do cheiro noxento que había en tal porta.
.Respecto aos nomes dalgunhas rúas e portas, os mesmos sufriron variacións , pensemos que o castelán aínda estaba conformandose. Dou algúns exemplos dos nomes da época e os actuais:
Peña-Pena
Algaria-Algalia
Mazarelas-Mazarelos
Peñá-Pena
En moitos casos mudou unha soa letra, sen que poida explicar moi ben dun xeito filolóxico o troco.

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